Subject, Verb, Complement and Modifier

Definition
1.Subject
Every English sentence must have a subject and a predicate (verb), the subject is the perpetrator. The subject can be a single noun (singular noun), for example, Coffeeis delicious. Subjects can also be a noun phrase (noun phrase), for example, The bookis on the table.

2.Verb
Verb follows the subject in a declarative sentence, generally show the action of the sentence. Example: John drives too fast. Can also be a verb phrase consisting of one or more auxiliary / helpers. For example, John is going to Miami tomorrow. the word "is" is an auxiliary.

3.Complement
The rules are similar to the subject, can be either a noun or noun phrase. In general, follow the verb. Complement answer the question what? and Whom?. Example John bought a cake yesterday (what did John buy?). Example 2, She saw Johnat the movies last night (Whom did she see at the movies?).

4.Modifier
Modifier describes the time, place or manner of a work. Very often in the form of air-prepositional phrase, for example: in the morning, at the university, on the table. Modifiers can also be an adverb (adverb) or adverbial phrase, example last night, next year, yesterday. Modifier answer the question when? where? or how?

Example For Sentences:
1.George/ is cooking/ dinner /tonight
(subject)/ (verb phrase)/ (complement)/ (modifier of time)
2.We / eat/ lunch /in this restaurant / today
(subject)/ (verb phrase)/ (complement)/ (modifier of place)(modifier of time)
3.Ressofi / is running/ in the field/ now
(subject)/ (verb phrase)/ (complement)/ (modifier of place)(modifier of time)
4.Mother/ made/ a cake/ yesterday
(subject)/ (verb phrase)/ (complement)/ (modifier of time)
5.Father/ is reading/ magazine/ in the yard
(subject)/ (verb phrase)/ (complement)/ (modifier of place)

sumber: http://mangantar.wordpress.com/2012/06/27/subject-verb-complement-modifier/